Ensuring the performance stability of lithium iron phosphate batteries after long-term storage requires comprehensive consideration of multiple aspects.
First, the state of charge during storage is crucial. Generally speaking, it is ideal to store lithium iron phosphate batteries in a half-charged state (i.e., the charge is kept between 40% and 60%). This is because too high a charge may cause the active substances inside the battery to be overactive, increasing the occurrence of side reactions; while too low a charge may cause the battery to be deeply discharged, causing damage to the electrode structure.
Temperature is also a key factor affecting storage performance. Low temperature environments are relatively conducive to long-term storage of batteries. It is generally recommended to store batteries in a dry environment at 10-25 degrees Celsius. High temperatures accelerate chemical side reactions inside the battery, resulting in capacity decay and increased internal resistance.
In addition, the battery should be ensured to be in good condition before storage. If the battery has abnormal conditions such as overcharging and discharging, overheating, etc. during use, it should be repaired or inspected first to eliminate potential damage.
During storage, the battery should be monitored and maintained regularly. For example, the battery is charged and discharged once every certain period of time (such as 3-6 months) to activate the chemical substances inside the battery and maintain its activity.
At the same time, it is also important to take good protective measures for the battery. Avoid physical damage to the battery, such as collision, extrusion, etc. Use appropriate packaging materials to prevent the battery from moisture, rust or corrosion by other pollutants.
In actual operation, for example, for some spare lithium iron phosphate battery packs, if they are planned to be stored for a long time, they should be charged to half-charged state first, and then placed in a warehouse with constant temperature and humidity, and marked and recorded. Perform maintenance charging and discharging operations regularly at prescribed time intervals, and check the appearance and voltage and other parameters of the battery.
In addition, if the storage environment cannot strictly control the temperature and humidity, you can also consider using a special battery storage cabinet or box to provide more stable storage conditions.
In short, to ensure the performance stability of lithium iron phosphate battery after long-term storage, it is necessary to take comprehensive measures from many aspects, including preparation before storage, control conditions during storage, regular maintenance and good protection, so as to minimize the attenuation of battery performance and ensure that it can work normally when needed.
